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Thinking out loud about the genetic code: 1. I note that most wobbles are purines I, Inosinic acid has a purine base and can pair with U,A, or C G, a purine can pair with U, C U, a pyrimidine can pair with either purine A or G (this supports the general rule of a mostly purine world before the code was perfected) 2. Why 3 bases in a codon? It may be a result of dimer damage. With 3 you can divide the pyrimidines. Thus either purine,pyrimidine, purine or pyrimidine, purine, pyrimidine, would be safe from dimers as either a codon or anticodon. No other 3 position configuration would be free of possible dimer damage. The rest would have some dimer danger on one or the other side - either the anticodon, or the codon side. 3. The code may have begun as hydrophilic in this loose general way a. mostly water - so water chemistry would be favored b. mostly purine bases , A/G, in prebiotic experiments c. dimers , 2 pyrimidines together on the same strand next to each other, would be eliminated from coding by UV damage in both the anti- codon position or the codon position. d. dimer damage leaves us with only 2 codons that are free of two pyrimidines in a row purine,pyrimidine, purine (or its opposite) pyrimidine, purine, pyrimidine. BUT e. wobble pairing with purines would give purines another edge - many more ways to code purine in center position. f. the only pyrimidine 2nd position that would work is the single - purine, pyrimidine,purine codon. g. at the acceptor stem there may be either a hydrophilic or hydrophobic amino acid. But only the hydrophilic would work at first due to its reaction in water. Thus the code would have a slight edge for purines on the anticodon loop AND a slight edge for hydrophilic amino acids on the acceptor stem end. Comment? Now things seem to be moving fast. Thus it would seem that because of dimers and their limit to how a codon could be set up, there would be a preponderonce of purines in coding, and hydrophilic amino acids at the other end. |
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