Dietmar said:In this particular case, the one thing that is clear is that the effect of the proposed modification will be below the experimental noise of the methods you suggested. Not to be misunderstood, those methods are perfectly fine, in principle, but they are not sensitive enough to decide this question.
While I think you raise a valid point, I don't believe that you can automatically conclude that a 1" change in aerobar height would be undetectable in a field test. (Note that I'm assuming we're talking about a change in the rider's position, and not the impact of the extra 1" of round spacers themselves.) For example, starting from an already low position I found that lowering my elbow pads 3 cm made a small, but consistent, difference:
http://home.earthlink.net/~acoggan/whichisfasterthecervelop2torthejavelinarcole/
In this case, you'd have to do a lot of trials to establish statistical significance, but that wouldn't necessarily be true for somebody else starting from a higher position.