Hey I have an idea...let us get back onto the subject of visibility for bicycles!
I doubt the OP is even interested any more after our lunacy bunny trail guided by lunatic.
In case the OP is interested here's the deal with lighting. Thank God for LED lighting because that made the world of lighting not only cheaper but also brighter...a lot brighter then when I bought my very first bicycle standard bulb light powered by 2 C batteries which I shorter after getting the light I upgraded the bulb to a halogen (can't recall the watts) way back around 1979 or 80. Then finally around 1990 they came out with large rechargeable or 6 D battery packs that hung on your top tube, so I got a low cost Cygolite Rover Metro that ran off of 6 D batteries and powered 2 6 watt halogen bulbs, which I changed the long range bulb to a 8 watt I think it was which gave me a total of 14 instead of 12 watts; that light wasn't bad for $40 (roughly) compared to $1,200 for HID that were coming out! I still have that light but it's not being used but works just fine after all those years of use. Then about 14 years ago I got a Philips Safe Ride and a Cygolite Mitycross 480osp, both of those lights I still use and find them to be in the top 99% of the brightest lights used in the area I live.
Even tail lights have improved immensely, I still have, and use now as front flasher because it came with an amber lens, tail light that with the red lens on was so dim I think a candle was brighter, but with the amber lens on it's not bad but there are far better ones on the market, I got that tail light way back when I bought the Cygolite Rover and it still works. Then the same time I got the newer headlights I got a Cateye LD600 but it broke about 8 years into using it and so I bought a Light & Motion Vis 180 and a Planet Bike Turbo flasher, the Planet bike one failed so now all I have is the Vis 180 but I need to get another one which I believe I found what I want which I will tell below.
As far as head light goes, you need to compare a bunch, and fortunately you can online, simply go to these websites, find a light that is bright enough for your needs at a price you can afford, easy peasy; some of the lights on these sites are no longer on the market but most are.
https://road.cc/content/buyers-guid...ling-40-light-beam-comparison-plus-how-choose
https://www.tredz.co.uk/lights-comparison-test (this one you drag the image of a light into one of the boxes)
https://www.bikelightdatabase.com/b...]=blaze2w&right[mode]=27&right[light]=blaze2w
https://www.bikelightdatabase.com/reviews/
https://www.modernbike.com/bicycle-light-comparison-guide
Tail light wise for some reason no one is doing a comparison, to bad. But there are a lot of good tail lights out, the one I am seriously considering is the Niterider Sentry Aero that puts out 260 lumens in at least 90 degrees off to the side, this light is only $40 but I've seen it for less on Amazon. But from everything I could find about it, it's startling bright not only from the rear but from the sides as well. The only problem with this light is that the battery cannot be replaced, once it dies you will have to buy another light, but for the money and the level of brightness I'm ok with that. For comparison my Light & Motion vis 180 puts out 70 lumens (the new one puts out 150) and it cost me $90, while I can replace the battery in it the bat will cost me $35...hmmm, get the picture? Now think about this, my Vis 180 is bright enough at 70 lumens to see in the daytime rather well, now imagine a light that has almost 4 times the lumens with the NiteRider Sentry Aero. It's pretty much a no brainer for me as to which one I'm going to buy. Now the side illumination thing I mentioned, my Vis 180 does do that as well but nowhere near the intensity as seen from the rear, the NiteRider intensity is almost the same from the side as it is from the rear.
Now in regards to lights, bikes stand out better if they use more than one light front and rear, usually a main head light and flasher attached to the helmet is all you need. With a flasher attached to the helmet you can turn your head and flash the light into side windows of cars at intersections to get their attention. On the rear you should run at least 2 if not 3; you put your brightest one on the seat post, and the next one on your helmet, or if you have 3 put one on each stay plus the seat post.
There was a study done by Europe and Canada in regards to rear lights, the European study concluded that steady light was better than flashing because motorists had a more difficult time judging distance from a blinking object vs steady...great except the Canadian study showed that blinking lights attracted the attention of the motorists faster...so who's right? BOTH ARE! So in that regard I run my brightest light on steady and my dimmest light on flash unless it's daytime than I only use the brightest one on flash (pulse actually for the Vis 180).
I don't usually run a headlight during the day unless it's a dark day and then it's in flash mode for the Cygolite. I figure I can see a car doing some weird thing coming at me and just don't think a light is going to matter, but that's a personal thing you have to figure out.
Now for the important question: why is tail light spelled as two separate words but headlight is one word? I would think both would use two separate words but that's not the case. Combining tail light into one word looks odd: taillight, but headlight doesn't look odd as head light. I'm perplexed! LOL!!!