I
Abstract View
<<snip>>
these data suggest that dietary iron may play a role in the
vulnerability of neurons to insults associated with PD and other
neurodegenerative disorders
<<snip>>
IRON STATUS INFLUENCES MOTOR BEHAVIOR AND NEURONAL DAMAGE IN AN
EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE.
C.W.Levenson1,2*; W.Duan2; B.Ladenheim3; R.Cutler2; M.P.Mattson2
1. Neurosci, Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL, USA
2. Lab of Neurosciences, NIA, Baltimore, MD, USA
3. NIDA, Baltimore, MD, USA
Because accumulation of iron in dopaminergic neurons has been
implicated in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), we designed
experiments to test the impact of three levels of dietary iron in the
pathogenic process and functional outcome in a mouse model of PD.
Two-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed diets containing low (4 ppm),
normal (48 ppm) or high (400 ppm) iron for 6 weeks prior to the
administration of MPTP, a mitochondrial toxin that causes the death of
nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons and induces PD-like symptoms. As
expected, in mice fed the normal iron diet MPTP reduced striatal
dopamine levels and impaired motor behavior in the rotarod test
(p<0.05). Low dietary iron increased serum total iron binding capacity
and provided protection against the adverse effects of MPTP on motor
function. Iron supplementation significantly impaired motor behavior
(p<0.001) and was lethal when combined with MPTP treatment. Elevations
of striatal 4-hydroxynonenal suggested increased membrane oxidation in
mice fed the high iron diet. Iron treatment of cultured rat hippocampal
neurons resulted in the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen
species (ROS) that was accompanied by expression of the chaperone
protein Hsp-70, the pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor protein p53, and
morphological evidence of apoptosis. Furthermore, cholesterol loading
of cells prior to iron treatment significantly increased ROS production
and decreased cell survival suggesting that iron, cholesterol, and its
oxidative products may act synergistically to impair neuronal survival
in PD. In conclusion, these data suggest that dietary iron may play a
role in the vulnerability of neurons to insults associated with PD and
other neurodegenerative disorders.
Support Contributed By: NIA
Citation:
C.W. Levenson, W. Duan, B. Ladenheim, R. Cutler, M.P. Mattson. IRON
STATUS INFLUENCES MOTOR BEHAVIOR AND NEURONAL DAMAGE IN AN EXPERIMENTAL
MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE. Program No. . 2003 Abstract
Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience,
2003. Online.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Green tea extract 'is cancer aid'
Green tea has been linked with a series of health benefits
A green tea extract may help patients with a form of leukaemia, a study
says.
The tea, discovered in China nearly 5,000 years ago, has long been
thought to have health benefits.
But the team from the Mayo Clinic in the US found it appeared to
improve the condition of four patients with chronic lymphocytic
leukaemia (CLL).
Experts said the Leukaemia Research journal study was interesting but
more research was needed.
CLL is a blood and bone marrow cancer which affects white blood cells
and is the commonest type of leukaemia with over 3,000 new cases -
mainly in the over 60s - diagnosed each year in the UK.
Green tea has long been thought to have cancer-prevention
capabilities. It is exciting that research is now demonstrating this
agent may provide new hope for CLL patients
Tait Shanafelt, report author
It is called chronic leukaemia because it progresses more slowly than
acute leukaemia with some patients living for decades with the disease.
As their is no known cure, doctors have traditionally not intervened in
the early stages of the disease to see how it develops, before moving
on to traditional forms of cancer treatment such as chemotherapy.
But the Mayo researchers decided to try green tea after a test tube
study in 2004 showed it killed leukaemia cells.
Four CLL patients being treated at the clinic took green tea extract
tablets containing epigallocatechin gallate, an antioxidant thought to
fight cancer cells.
Doctors
Within a few months, doctors realised that three out of four patients
were showing signs of the cancer regressing.
The fourth patient also showed a slight improvement, but it was not
judged to be clinically relevant.
Report author Tait Shanafelt said: "Green tea has long been thought to
have cancer-prevention capabilities. It is exciting that research is
now demonstrating this agent may provide new hope for CLL patients.
"The experience of these individuals provides some suggestion that our
previously published laboratory findings may actually translate into
clinical effects for patients with this disease."
But he warned more research was needed to prove the findings on a
larger scaled and whether there were any side effects.
Ken Campbell, clinical information officer at the Leukaemia Research
Fund, said: "The findings are interesting, but we cannot say yet this
is a new treatment for cancer.
"We need to carry out a large scale, controlled trial to see if the
findings hold true."
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<snip>>
may be related to both scavenger properties towards to superoxide anion
and the ability to chelate iron ions.
<<snip>>
1: Planta Med. 2000 Dec;66(8):762-4. Related Articles, Links
Protective effects of green tea catechins against asbestos-induced cell
injury.
Kostyuk VA, Potapovich AI, Vladykovskaya EN, Hiramatsu M.
Green tea extract was found to provide a strong protective effect
against asbestos-induced injury of peritoneal macrophages and red blood
cells in vitro. The main polyphenolic constituents of green tea
extract, (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate
(EGCG), were also efficient in preventing injury of cells following
exposure to asbestos fibers. The protective efficacies of EGCG and ECG
expressed as IC50 values were, respectively, 10 microM and 12 microM if
peritoneal macrophages were injured by chrysotile and 4 microM and 5
microM in the case of crocidolite-induced cell injury. Antiradical and
chelating properties of ECG and EGCG were evaluated and it was
concluded that the protective effect of catechins against
asbestos-induced injury may be related to both scavenger properties
towards to superoxide anion and the ability to chelate iron ions.
Publication Types:
Letter
PMID: 11199139 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking
<<snip>>
these data suggest that dietary iron may play a role in the
vulnerability of neurons to insults associated with PD and other
neurodegenerative disorders
<<snip>>
IRON STATUS INFLUENCES MOTOR BEHAVIOR AND NEURONAL DAMAGE IN AN
EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE.
C.W.Levenson1,2*; W.Duan2; B.Ladenheim3; R.Cutler2; M.P.Mattson2
1. Neurosci, Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL, USA
2. Lab of Neurosciences, NIA, Baltimore, MD, USA
3. NIDA, Baltimore, MD, USA
Because accumulation of iron in dopaminergic neurons has been
implicated in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), we designed
experiments to test the impact of three levels of dietary iron in the
pathogenic process and functional outcome in a mouse model of PD.
Two-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed diets containing low (4 ppm),
normal (48 ppm) or high (400 ppm) iron for 6 weeks prior to the
administration of MPTP, a mitochondrial toxin that causes the death of
nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons and induces PD-like symptoms. As
expected, in mice fed the normal iron diet MPTP reduced striatal
dopamine levels and impaired motor behavior in the rotarod test
(p<0.05). Low dietary iron increased serum total iron binding capacity
and provided protection against the adverse effects of MPTP on motor
function. Iron supplementation significantly impaired motor behavior
(p<0.001) and was lethal when combined with MPTP treatment. Elevations
of striatal 4-hydroxynonenal suggested increased membrane oxidation in
mice fed the high iron diet. Iron treatment of cultured rat hippocampal
neurons resulted in the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen
species (ROS) that was accompanied by expression of the chaperone
protein Hsp-70, the pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor protein p53, and
morphological evidence of apoptosis. Furthermore, cholesterol loading
of cells prior to iron treatment significantly increased ROS production
and decreased cell survival suggesting that iron, cholesterol, and its
oxidative products may act synergistically to impair neuronal survival
in PD. In conclusion, these data suggest that dietary iron may play a
role in the vulnerability of neurons to insults associated with PD and
other neurodegenerative disorders.
Support Contributed By: NIA
Citation:
C.W. Levenson, W. Duan, B. Ladenheim, R. Cutler, M.P. Mattson. IRON
STATUS INFLUENCES MOTOR BEHAVIOR AND NEURONAL DAMAGE IN AN EXPERIMENTAL
MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE. Program No. . 2003 Abstract
Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience,
2003. Online.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Green tea extract 'is cancer aid'
Green tea has been linked with a series of health benefits
A green tea extract may help patients with a form of leukaemia, a study
says.
The tea, discovered in China nearly 5,000 years ago, has long been
thought to have health benefits.
But the team from the Mayo Clinic in the US found it appeared to
improve the condition of four patients with chronic lymphocytic
leukaemia (CLL).
Experts said the Leukaemia Research journal study was interesting but
more research was needed.
CLL is a blood and bone marrow cancer which affects white blood cells
and is the commonest type of leukaemia with over 3,000 new cases -
mainly in the over 60s - diagnosed each year in the UK.
Green tea has long been thought to have cancer-prevention
capabilities. It is exciting that research is now demonstrating this
agent may provide new hope for CLL patients
Tait Shanafelt, report author
It is called chronic leukaemia because it progresses more slowly than
acute leukaemia with some patients living for decades with the disease.
As their is no known cure, doctors have traditionally not intervened in
the early stages of the disease to see how it develops, before moving
on to traditional forms of cancer treatment such as chemotherapy.
But the Mayo researchers decided to try green tea after a test tube
study in 2004 showed it killed leukaemia cells.
Four CLL patients being treated at the clinic took green tea extract
tablets containing epigallocatechin gallate, an antioxidant thought to
fight cancer cells.
Doctors
Within a few months, doctors realised that three out of four patients
were showing signs of the cancer regressing.
The fourth patient also showed a slight improvement, but it was not
judged to be clinically relevant.
Report author Tait Shanafelt said: "Green tea has long been thought to
have cancer-prevention capabilities. It is exciting that research is
now demonstrating this agent may provide new hope for CLL patients.
"The experience of these individuals provides some suggestion that our
previously published laboratory findings may actually translate into
clinical effects for patients with this disease."
But he warned more research was needed to prove the findings on a
larger scaled and whether there were any side effects.
Ken Campbell, clinical information officer at the Leukaemia Research
Fund, said: "The findings are interesting, but we cannot say yet this
is a new treatment for cancer.
"We need to carry out a large scale, controlled trial to see if the
findings hold true."
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<snip>>
may be related to both scavenger properties towards to superoxide anion
and the ability to chelate iron ions.
<<snip>>
1: Planta Med. 2000 Dec;66(8):762-4. Related Articles, Links
Protective effects of green tea catechins against asbestos-induced cell
injury.
Kostyuk VA, Potapovich AI, Vladykovskaya EN, Hiramatsu M.
Green tea extract was found to provide a strong protective effect
against asbestos-induced injury of peritoneal macrophages and red blood
cells in vitro. The main polyphenolic constituents of green tea
extract, (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate
(EGCG), were also efficient in preventing injury of cells following
exposure to asbestos fibers. The protective efficacies of EGCG and ECG
expressed as IC50 values were, respectively, 10 microM and 12 microM if
peritoneal macrophages were injured by chrysotile and 4 microM and 5
microM in the case of crocidolite-induced cell injury. Antiradical and
chelating properties of ECG and EGCG were evaluated and it was
concluded that the protective effect of catechins against
asbestos-induced injury may be related to both scavenger properties
towards to superoxide anion and the ability to chelate iron ions.
Publication Types:
Letter
PMID: 11199139 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking