Yes, sustained harder riding whether it's into the wind, on a trainer or otherwise will help you build fitness and power and that's a huge part of hill climbing on the bike.
In addition to Alienator's comments on predicting wind for your normal training routes there are some specific skills that typically require actual hills to develop. For instance gear selection, knowing when to stand, what gears to stand in for resting or dealing with terrain variations, shifting during transitions from flats or descents to shorter rolling hills without giving up too much momentum or stalling out, mental aspects of long or steep climbs, dealing with very low bike momentum and riding straight lines while going slow and working hard...
Power and especially power to weight ratio are key to climbing hills and that can be developed wherever you live and train. But it does pay to get out on some hilly rides when opportunities present themselves and to ride with some hill savvy friends to pick up on some of the subtle techniques that make hill climbing easier.
But mostly keep riding and training in the terrain you have and keep building fitness, without that the hill specific work won't help much.
-Dave