FOR THE SAKE OF YOUR HEART



D

Dr. Jai Maharaj

Guest
Keeping fit

For the sake of your heart

By B. K. Sharma The Tribune Sunday, August 26, 2001

WE have seen how the heart works relentlessly and tirelessly
day and night for which it needs oxygen and energy in the
form of glucose and fatty acids supplied by the blood. The
blood is delivered to the cardiac tissue by the coronary
arteries. If for some reason the oxygen supplied is not
enough and the perfusion is not adequate, this results in
imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. This is known as
ischemia (derived from the combination of Greek words
ischeia (deficiency) and haima (blood). The commonest cause
of ischemia of the heart is the disease process —
atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. This is also the
process which results in strokes, other ischemic injuries of
the brain, claudication or gangrene of the limbs and can
damage other organs like kidneys, intestines, eyes etc.
Arteries are clogged by this process. We will devote some
time to understanding, how this process develops and the
various factors responsible for this. Although in majority
of cases this process is responsible for producing ischemic
heart disease or coronary artery disease, but it needs to be
mentioned that this can result from other rare causes. These
causes include the following situations if a small clout
gets detached somewhere and lodges in one of the coronary
arteries (emboli), if the muscles of the coronary arteries
go in spasm producing narrowing of the lumen or congenital
abnormalities of the coronary arteries producing ischemia
and even infarction right in infancy. Myocardial ischemia
may also occur when the cause may not lie in the coronary
arteries but when the demand of oxygen by the heart is
disproportionately high. This can occur in the case of
severe anemia or abnormal variety of haemoglobin, low oxygen
in the atmosphere as in the case of very high altitude and
abnormal thickness of the cardiac muscles resulting from
various diseases like high blood pressure or narrowing of
aortic valve of the heart.

Causes

Scientists have been busy during the last 50 years trying
to unravel the mysteries of this process which kills and
disables people in the West and as mentioned earlier is
expected to be No. 1 killer at the global level in the next
10 years. The process develops in the human body over a
period of many years, usually many decades. It perhaps is
not a continuous process but occurs in sporadic manner both
in space as well as in time. It does not involve the entire
length of arteries uniformally but is focal in character
and usually has a predilection for certain areas and less
for others. The origin of the arteries and point of
bifurcation or any other point where there is likelihood of
turbulence in the flow of the blood are more prone to
atherosclerosis. As mentioned, time and age are important
factors in the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore,
it was not clear whether it was entirely a function of time
and thus a part of ageing process. We are now quite clear
that this is not so although we know this would certainly
increase with the age and is also more common in men. Post-
mortem studies in young people in traumatic deaths,
specially during Korean and Vietnamese wars showed that
atherosclerotic streaks were present in young people as
young as 20 years old. And now we know that given
predisposing circumstances, atherosclerosis manifests as
early as the second or third decades of one’s life.

Effects of ischemia

Lack of appropriate perfusion to a part of the heart can
produce biochemical, mechanical and electrical disturbances.
Once the oxygen supply falls, the heart is unable to get the
fuel supply and the energy it requires to function. That
part of the heart muscle undergoes necrosis or the death of
the cell and such an area is known as an infarct. Ischemia
may be reversible if the obstruction is incomplete and the
time is less than 15-20 minutes. If the obstruction of the
blood is complete or is more than 20 minutes, the damage
will be irreversible. Once certain portion of the muscle
gets damaged, the mechanical effect leads to abnormal
contraction of the wall of the heart and abnormal functions
of the valves of the heart. It can be still more dangerous
if the electrical function of the heart are affected
resulting in irregular or more dangerous kind of heart
rhythm which can kill instantly.

Risk factors

As mentioned above there are certain risk factors which
predispose the production of atherosclerosis and therein
lies the reasons for understanding process of this disease
with the aim of modifying the risk factors. The knowledge
about the risk factors is based on the very systematic and
long-standing studies carried out in experiments on animals
and observations and systematic studies in various
communities. In well known studies carried out in a small
town, Framingham near Boston, USA, started in 1948, have
yielded wealth of material on this subject. The basic risk
factors can be divided into those which are beyond control
and those which can be modified. The unmodifiable risk
factors include age, male gender and genetic predisposition.
There is not much we can do about these three unless the
growth of knowledge in human genome enables future parents
to select a custom made off-spring. But the risk factors
which can be modified by lifestyle changes are smoking,
obesity, physical activity and emotional imbalance. Risk
factors which can be modified by pharmaco-therapy include
lipid (fat) disorders, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and
insulin resistance.

Obesity: Many studies have brought out that obesity is
linked to an early development of hypertension, ischemic
heart disease, strokes and a host of other medical
complications. The USA Centre for Disease Control and
Prevention has declared this to be an epidemic in the USA
where it has increased by 60 per cent in the last decade.
Prevention and treatment of these is obviously desirable.

Smoking: Smoking is harmful not only to the smoker himself,
but also to the people around, called passive smokers. The
chemicals in the smoke, including nicotine, produce
abnormalities in the function of the endothelial cells and
reduce blood flow and promote formation of clots. According
to the American Heart Association, the risk of heart disease
increases by more than 50 per cent for a smoker and by more
than 30 per cent for a passive smoker. This risk factor is
eminently modifiable and should be promoted in all the
communities.

Physical activity: Physical activity is important for good
health. It reduces obesity and blood pressure, decreases
insulin resistance as also cholesterol levels. It promotes
emotional well-being and stability of the cardiac functions.
A minimum of 30-40 minutes of moderate physical activity in
the form of brisk walk or a game is desirable.

Hypertension: Hypertension is a risk factor in
atherosclerosis. In the famous Framingham studies, mentioned
above, the incidence of ischemic heart disease, strokes, as
well as the ischemia of the limbs was significantly higher
in persons who had hypertension as compared to those who did
not have it. Hypertension is treatable by pharmacological
means and lifestyle changes as well.

Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance: Diabetes mellitus
is a very serious problem and one of the very important risk
factors in atherosclerosis because of the presence of
abnormal lipid in the blood. Diabetes is often associated
with high LDL cholesterol and tryglycerides which are
atherogenic. Control of glucose level and cholesterol level
by lifestyle changes and drugs is now possible.

Lipid disordes: The role of various lipids consisting of
various fractions of cholesterol and its combination with
proteins (lipoproteins) has been the subject of intensive
ongoing research which started 50 years ago. The experiments
on animals and the observations in human beings have left us
in no doubt that abnormal lipid levels are very important
factors in the genesis of atherosclerosis. In certain
genetic diseases where lipids levels are very high,
atherosclerosis and its complications can be seen as early
as the second decade. Similarly, diseases like diabetes
mellitus and certain kidney diseases where the cholesterol
level becomes very high, complications of atherosclerosis
are seen more frequently. Various fractions of cholesterol
and other lipids have been analysed and their precise role
in this process is now known. Low density cholesterol is the
one which seems to play a very important role in the early
stages of formation of atherosclerotic plaque whereas high
density lipid protein helps in removing this cholesterol
from the arterial wall. Lipids can be reduced by exercise,
dietary precautions and now pharmacological means. There are
a large number of drugs for lowering blood lipids. A group
of drugs known as Statins have been fairly successful and
are being used as a matter of routine by physicians to lower
this cholesterol. But the role of diet and exercise cannot
be over emphasised.

Male gender/menopause in women: The coronary artery disease
is cetainly more common in men. In women risk factors
accelerate after menopause. It is due to the female hormone,
oestrogen, and relatively higher levels of HDL cholesterol
which protect the women against the coronary artery disease
before menopause. This perhaps is the rationale behind
giving hormone replacement therapy to women after menopause
so that their protection against the disease at least to
some extent continues. It may be mentioned, however, that
although this kind of therapy has now been accepted, there
are certain risks like increased evidence of thrombosis and
some controversy relating to carcinoma of the breast.

Other risk factors: Besides the major risk factors mentioned
above, there are other relatively less defined and unproven
risk factors. These include abnormal coagulation process and
levels of fibrogen, higher level of aminoacid — homocysteine
(this can be reduced by liberal intake of folic acid) and
racial factors. Stress is an obvious risk factor although
its exact role is difficult to define. There is no doubt
that this has a great role to play in its present epidemic.
Dr Dean Ornish from San Fransisco has shown that the
practice of yog and meditation and adoption of a vegetarian
diet and exercise can reopen blocked coronary arteries.

Read the complete news at: http://www.tribuneindia.com

Jai Maharaj http://www.mantra.com/jai Om Shanti

WARNING ABOUT KEVIN 'BEAVIS' MAXFIELD (MEDICAL FRAUD)

Advisory

Kevin Maxfield aka "Beavis" aka "Beav" who is a self-
publicized patient of diabetes has committed serious
crimes by dispensing medical advice to other patients on
numerous occasions. He has published his contact
information as follows:

Kevin "Beavis" Maxfield 106 Churchill Drive Little Lever
Bolton BL3 1PG UK

"Beavis" <[email protected]> "Beavis"
<[email protected]> "Beavis"
<[email protected]>

Picture:
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/kevin.maxfield/pictures/me.jpg

Also, a picture of Britt, with the caption: "When she ain't
cookin my meals she does find time to fly a heli!" http://h-
omepage.ntlworld.com/kevin.maxfield/pictures/britt.JPG

Forwarded message: [ [ Subject: Beav is a liar. Beware of
advice he gives you! [ Message-ID:
<[email protected]> [ From: Dennis Fetters
<[email protected]> [ Newsgroups:
misc.health.diabetes [ NNTP-Posting-Host: 67.122.164.63 [
Date: Thu, 13 Feb 2003 19:08:38 GMT [ [ Greetings news group
participants, [
[ Iam sending this news to all newsgroups that the person [
Beav <[email protected]> participates in, [
especially that involves medical advice. You need to be
[ concerned taking any medical advice from him
whatsoever. [ Why? [ [ Over the years this person has
flamed me and others, told [ lies and did harm all in
the name of fun. This person [ could just as easily give
you improper medical advice and [ sit back and laugh for
the fun of it. Beware of him, he [ may act nice and
helpful but there is an evil side. [ [ Just to help
prove what I'm saying, I have given evidence [ below of
just one lie he was caught making. I'm posting [ this so
that from now on you can measure anything he has [ to
say with what his words are actually worth. Beav is a [
liar. I have proven without a shadow of dough that Beav
[ is a liar. Sure, it is a small lie this time, but what
[ about all the ones before, or after? [ [ On
02/04/2003, you posted on the rec.aviation.rotorcraft
news group: [ > Beav wrote: [ > He's also over on the
R/C heli group looking for ideas [ > on how to build > a
big RC machine which he SAYS is [ > destined for
military (unmanned) use. [ [ That was an out in out lie.
I never said such a thing. He [ made it up and lied to
everyone there. [ [ What I said is below: [ [ On
01/30/2003, I posted on rec.models.rc.helicopter: [ >
Dennis Fetters wrote: [ > Hello, [ > [ > We have lot's
of experience building full size [ > helicopters, but
little knowledge in the RC field and [ > what's
available. [ > [ > I have been contracted to provide a
customer with two [ > large (400 pounds empty) prototype
helicopters to be [ > flown by remote control. It is a
CCPM controlled [ > configuration. I need to find
servo's that are large [ > enough to handle at least a 5
pound resistance per [ > arm, with a 3" travel. [ > [ >
The control rods go through the center of the drive [ >
shaft and connect to the control gimble below the [ >
transmission, where 3 arms are located for both cyclic [
> and collective inputs for the CCPM configuration. The
[ > best solution would be 3 linear servo's, if
something [ > preexists. [ > [ > Rather than reinvent
the wheel, I hope someone would [ > be kind enough to
provide me information on where to [ > find servo's
large enough to do the job, or if a [ > linear servo can
be used. The response time of these [ > large
helicopters are much less than that of an RC [ > model.
[ > [ > Also, if someone of high experience in RC
helicopters [ > is interested in providing some help
with the flights, [ > we're located in the California LA
area. [ > [ > Sincerely, [ > [ > Dennis [ [ No where in
this or any post did I say "it is destined [ for
military (unmanned) use". Beav lied about that. [
[ Jknow some of you here will say, well, it was just a [
little lie. Well, any lie is a lie, big or small, and [
Beav lied and has done much worse. He told this lie to
[ hurt and do as much damage as he could, and it's time
for [ all who deal with him to know. He has proven his
[ willingness to lie and harm people just for fun, so [
anything he says could be a lie or to cause more damage
[ for his entertainment. [ [ Beav is a liar. Beware of
advice he gives you! [ [ - Dennis Fetters
<[email protected]> [ Archived at:.com/groups?selm=3E4BECF9.80308%40sbcglobal.net&oe=UTF-
8&output=gplain

End of advisory

Panchaang for 30 Phalgun 5104, Saturday, March 20, 2004:

Shubhanu Nama Samvatsare Uttarayane Moksh Ritau Meena Mase
Shukl Pakshe Manta Vasara Yuktayam Poorvaprostapad-
Uttaraprostapad Nakshatr Shukl Yog Naag-Kinstughn Karan Amavasya-
Pratham Yam Tithau

Hindu Holocaust Museum http://www.mantra.com/holocaust

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http://www.hindu.org http://www.hindunet.org

The truth about Islam and Muslims
http://www.flex.com/~jai/satyamevajayate

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