There's no such thing as what one "typically" spends on a bicycle. In the US, quality road bikes start at around $500 USD, which gets you an alloy frame, alloy fork (in most cases) cheap-assed wheels and tires, and an 8 speed drive train. I mean 8 cogs on the rear cassette, not "8 speeds". 10 speed drives, with a carbon fiber fork, and slightly better wheels, start at $1000-$1200. If you want a full carbon fiber frame, they start at around $1800-$2000. As you go up in price, you get better wheels, sometimes a lighter frame, smoother shifting with lighter components, and at around $4500-$5000 you can get electronic shifting. And you can spend twice that if you choose to.