I
<<snip>>
a combination of iron chelation and antioxidant therapy might be a
significant approach to neuroprotection neurodegenerative diseases.
<<snip>>
J Mol Neurosci. 2004;24(3):401-16. Links
Iron and alpha-Synuclein in the Substantia Nigra of MPTP-Treated Mice:
Effect of Neuroprotective Drugs R-Apomorphine and Green Tea Polyphenol
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate.
Mandel S, Maor G, Youdim MB.
Eve Topf and USA National Parkinson Foundation Centers of Excellence
for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research and Department of Pharmacology
and Rappaport Family Research Institute, Technion-Faculty of Medicine,
Haifa, 31096, Israel.
One of the prominent pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD)
is the abnormal accumulation of iron in the substantia nigra pars
compacta (SNpc), in the reactive microglia, and in association with
neuromelanin, within the melanin-containing dopamine (DA) neurons. Lewy
body, the morphological hallmark of PD, is composed of lipids,
redox-active iron, and aggregated alpha-synuclein, concentrating in its
peripheral halo and ubiquitinated, hyperphosphorylated, neurofilament
proteins. The capacity of free iron to enhance and promote the
generation of toxic reactive oxygen radicals has been discussed
numerous times. Recent observations, that iron induces aggregation of
inert alpha-synuclein to toxic aggregates, have reinforced the critical
role of iron in oxidative stress-induced pathogenesis of DA neuron
degeneration and protein degradation via ubiquitination.
N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)- and
6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurodegeneration in rodents and nonhuman
primates is associated with increased presence of iron and
alpha-synuclein in the SNpc. The accumulation of iron in MPTP-induced
neurodegeneration has been linked to nitric oxide-dependent mechanism,
resulting in degradation of prominent iron regulatory proteins by
ubiquitination. Radical scavengers such as R-apomorphine and green tea
catechin polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, as well as the
recently developed brain-permeable VK-28 series derivative iron
chelators, which are neuroprotective against these neurotoxins in mice
and rats, prevent the accumulation of iron and alpha-synuclein in SNpc.
This study supports the notion that a combination of iron chelation and
antioxidant therapy, as emphasized on several occasions, might be a
significant approach to neuroprotection in PD and other
neurodegenerative diseases.
PMID: 15655262 [PubMed - in process]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking
a combination of iron chelation and antioxidant therapy might be a
significant approach to neuroprotection neurodegenerative diseases.
<<snip>>
J Mol Neurosci. 2004;24(3):401-16. Links
Iron and alpha-Synuclein in the Substantia Nigra of MPTP-Treated Mice:
Effect of Neuroprotective Drugs R-Apomorphine and Green Tea Polyphenol
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate.
Mandel S, Maor G, Youdim MB.
Eve Topf and USA National Parkinson Foundation Centers of Excellence
for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research and Department of Pharmacology
and Rappaport Family Research Institute, Technion-Faculty of Medicine,
Haifa, 31096, Israel.
One of the prominent pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD)
is the abnormal accumulation of iron in the substantia nigra pars
compacta (SNpc), in the reactive microglia, and in association with
neuromelanin, within the melanin-containing dopamine (DA) neurons. Lewy
body, the morphological hallmark of PD, is composed of lipids,
redox-active iron, and aggregated alpha-synuclein, concentrating in its
peripheral halo and ubiquitinated, hyperphosphorylated, neurofilament
proteins. The capacity of free iron to enhance and promote the
generation of toxic reactive oxygen radicals has been discussed
numerous times. Recent observations, that iron induces aggregation of
inert alpha-synuclein to toxic aggregates, have reinforced the critical
role of iron in oxidative stress-induced pathogenesis of DA neuron
degeneration and protein degradation via ubiquitination.
N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)- and
6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurodegeneration in rodents and nonhuman
primates is associated with increased presence of iron and
alpha-synuclein in the SNpc. The accumulation of iron in MPTP-induced
neurodegeneration has been linked to nitric oxide-dependent mechanism,
resulting in degradation of prominent iron regulatory proteins by
ubiquitination. Radical scavengers such as R-apomorphine and green tea
catechin polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, as well as the
recently developed brain-permeable VK-28 series derivative iron
chelators, which are neuroprotective against these neurotoxins in mice
and rats, prevent the accumulation of iron and alpha-synuclein in SNpc.
This study supports the notion that a combination of iron chelation and
antioxidant therapy, as emphasized on several occasions, might be a
significant approach to neuroprotection in PD and other
neurodegenerative diseases.
PMID: 15655262 [PubMed - in process]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking