It might be worth pointing out, too, what is meant by track sprinter. If you mean a match sprinter, then the previous poster covers it.
It might be added that sprinting tactics have changed, and the gears with it, as noted by fergie. Jump from standstill used to be a common tactic, which required a small gear that could be accelerated. Now, tactics tend to revolve around managing the spacing between one's opponent, which takes place at a higher speed, so that the gear is already turning and no small gear is needed for fast acceleration from zero.
I'll just point out in case you aren't familiar with track racing, that track cyclists in general tend to use relatively small gears by road standards. Even professional Madison racers (6-day racers) still tend to use something in the range of 88s, for example. First of all, it is a long program with lots of racing, and a big gear will kill you. Also, having only one gear , all track racers both need to be able to accelerate it now and then be able to develop/maintain a high top end speed. Of course having a smaller gear that can be accelerated easily has to be "paid for" with a very high cadence at the top end. Hence the ability to spin 150+ rpm easily and develop real power at the very limit of your cadence. (If you haven't tried it, it's not easy.)
Road cyclists don't have to make this trade off and so never have to develop a really high cadence.
The in/out of the saddle is related: very difficult (impossible?) to spin 150+rpm out of the saddle, which track racers have to do given the relatively small gear.