Of course one must find a good riding position, when using aero bars.
Moreover, I have rarely seen a good position when installing aero bars on a classical road bike, without changing any parts, or at the very least, moving the saddle a bit forward (and higher very often).
How do you call the part on which the handle bar is fixed? A seam? A seant? Whatever, that part often need to be replaced too.
But more aero, means less power.
We concluded that riding a bicycle in an extreme aero-position increases the metabolic cost of cycling when wind resistance is not taken into account. However, when the mechanical power losses of 9 W (estimated by the [spacing dot above]VO2 increase) are compared with the expected aerodynamic power savings of approximately 100 W, it appears that aerodynamic advantages by far outweigh their metabolic cost
http://www.ms-se.com/pt/re/msse/abstract.00005768-199706000-00013.htm;jsessionid=DqbDITD1U84pSAVHX4o9OryfBlSsjOR6tgFOnNX1DIdLKDs7FS4Q!10514069!-949856145!9001!-1
That is one, there are probably others where power got measured with a power meter, instead of being estimated.
** Edit ** I found at least one that contredicts.
Here, anaerobic power got tested. Two groups. CT=Cyclists, AT=Triathletes. For some mysterious reasons, triathletes could maintain a higher avg power on a 30s duration, in aero position, compared to upright position.
But the peak power output was higher in upright position for the two groups.
http://www.asep.org/jeponline/issue/Doc/Oct2004/PevelerV2.doc