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Iron accumulation, cause or effect in cell life

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General fitness, health and nutrition
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21 July 2004
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22 July 2004
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  1. From time to time the subject of iron being found in higher levels in the
    cells of disorders/diseases has arisen. Often some research will note the
    relationship as an observation with no way to know if the iron is a cause
    or effect of the problem. Here we have one example where high iron is an
    effect not the cause of cell life:

    "Thus, iron accumulation is not a cause, but a consequence of normal
    cellular senescence in vitro."

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

    Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Jun;1019:365-367.

    Iron Accumulation during Cellular Senescence.

    Killilea DW, Wong SL, Cahaya HS, Atamna H, Ames BN.

    Nutritional Genomics Center, Children's Hospital Oakland Research
    Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King, Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609.
    bames[remove]@chori.org

    Iron accumulates as a function of age and is associated with the
    pathology of numerous age-related diseases. These changes may becaused by
    altered iron homeostasis at the cellular level, yet this is
    poorly understood. Therefore, changes in iron content in primary human
    fibroblasts were studied in culture models of cellular senescence.
    Total iron content increased exponentially during cellular senescence,
    reaching approximately 10-fold higher levels than young cells.
    Increasing intracellular iron levels through iron-citrate
    supplementation or decreasing intracellular iron levels using
    iron-selective chelators had little effect on cellular life span and
    markers of cellular senescence when used at subtoxic doses. However,
    accelerating cellular senescence with low-dose H(2)O(2) also
    accelerated senescence-associated iron accumulation. Delaying cellular
    senescence with N-tert-butyl-hydroxylamine (NtBHA) attenuated
    senescence-associated iron accumulation. Furthermore, H(2)O(2) or
    NtBHA had no effect on iron intracellular levels in immortalized
    fibroblasts. Thus, iron accumulation is not a cause, but a consequence
    of normal cellular senescence in vitro. Senescence-associated iron
    accumulation may contribute to the increased oxidative stress and
    cellular dysfunction seen in senescent cells.

    PMID: 15247045 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  2. "Perhaps a human body in iron overload is just finding a place to dump
    the excess iron?"

    Perhaps, but no sign of it in the study, it has to do with the sequence of
    events and no cause in terms of overal process was offered. Your notion,
    Tom, finds no support in the results, one might as well speculate that
    iron deposit is the bodies attempt to control the situation because it
    has some healing effect. In the absence of any other info that is as good
    an idea as any,ie. why does iron show up in distressed areas of the body?

  3. Perhaps a human body in iron overload is just finding a place to dump
    the excess iron?

    GT

    <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    From time to time the subject of iron being found in higher levels


    in the

    Quoted message said:

    cells of disorders/diseases has arisen. Often some research will


    note the

    Quoted message said:

    relationship as an observation with no way to know if the iron is a


    cause

    Quoted message said:

    or effect of the problem. Here we have one example where high iron


    is an

    Quoted message said:

    effect not the cause of cell life:

    "Thus, iron accumulation is not a cause, but a consequence of normal
    cellular senescence in vitro."


    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

    Quoted message said:


    Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Jun;1019:365-367.

    Iron Accumulation during Cellular Senescence.

    Killilea DW, Wong SL, Cahaya HS, Atamna H, Ames BN.

    Nutritional Genomics Center, Children's Hospital Oakland Research
    Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King, Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609.
    bames[remove]@chori.org

    Iron accumulates as a function of age and is associated with the
    pathology of numerous age-related diseases. These changes may


    becaused by

    Quoted message said:

    altered iron homeostasis at the cellular level, yet this is
    poorly understood. Therefore, changes in iron content in primary


    human

    Quoted message said:

    fibroblasts were studied in culture models of cellular senescence.
    Total iron content increased exponentially during cellular


    senescence,

    Quoted message said:

    reaching approximately 10-fold higher levels than young cells.
    Increasing intracellular iron levels through iron-citrate
    supplementation or decreasing intracellular iron levels using
    iron-selective chelators had little effect on cellular life span and
    markers of cellular senescence when used at subtoxic doses. However,
    accelerating cellular senescence with low-dose H(2)O(2) also
    accelerated senescence-associated iron accumulation. Delaying


    cellular

    Quoted message said:

    senescence with N-tert-butyl-hydroxylamine (NtBHA) attenuated
    senescence-associated iron accumulation. Furthermore, H(2)O(2) or
    NtBHA had no effect on iron intracellular levels in immortalized
    fibroblasts. Thus, iron accumulation is not a cause, but a


    consequence

    Quoted message said:

    of normal cellular senescence in vitro. Senescence-associated iron
    accumulation may contribute to the increased oxidative stress and
    cellular dysfunction seen in senescent cells.

    PMID: 15247045 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  4. <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    "Perhaps a human body in iron overload is just finding a place to


    dump

    Quoted message said:

    the excess iron?"

    Perhaps, but no sign of it in the study, it has to do with the


    sequence of

    Quoted message said:

    events and no cause in terms of overal process was offered. Your


    notion,

    Quoted message said:

    Tom, finds no support in the results, one might as well speculate


    that

    Quoted message said:

    iron deposit is the bodies attempt to control the situation because


    it

    Quoted message said:

    has some healing effect. In the absence of any other info that is


    as good

    Quoted message said:

    an idea as any,ie. why does iron show up in distressed areas of the


    body?

    Hogwash

    Perhaps you would like to give a dissertation on where the body stores
    excess iron when in overload?

    I am not Tom. Never have been. Never will be. Don't even want to be.
    Appalled at the idea.

  5. <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    "Perhaps a human body in iron overload is just finding a place to


    dump

    Quoted message said:

    the excess iron?"

    Perhaps, but no sign of it in the study, it has to do with the


    sequence of

    Quoted message said:

    events and no cause in terms of overal process was offered. Your


    notion,

    Quoted message said:

    Tom, finds no support in the results, one might as well speculate


    that

    Quoted message said:

    iron deposit is the bodies attempt to control the situation because


    it

    Quoted message said:

    has some healing effect. In the absence of any other info that is


    as good

    Quoted message said:

    an idea as any,ie. why does iron show up in distressed areas of the


    body?

    Mark - For what it's worth,

    "In healthy individuals there is little if any unbound iron
    circulating in the blood. In all disease states, however, unbound iron
    (also called free iron) is released at sites of inflammation and can
    spark uncontrolled oxidation."

    Griffiths, E. Iron and Infection: Molecular, Physiological and
    Clinical Aspects, Second Edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

    http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471939404.html

    This book is expensive - costs around $300 for the revised edition.
    But the author is quite knowledgable.

    Any comments? ....

    GT

  6. "GT" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    "Perhaps a human body in iron overload is just finding a place to


    dump

    Quoted message said:

    the excess iron?"

    Perhaps, but no sign of it in the study, it has to do with the


    sequence of

    Quoted message said:

    events and no cause in terms of overal process was offered. Your


    notion,

    Quoted message said:

    Tom, finds no support in the results, one might as well speculate


    that

    Quoted message said:

    iron deposit is the bodies attempt to control the situation because


    it

    Quoted message said:

    has some healing effect. In the absence of any other info that is


    as good

    Quoted message said:

    an idea as any,ie. why does iron show up in distressed areas of the


    body?

    Hogwash

    Perhaps you would like to give a dissertation on where the body stores
    excess iron when in overload?

    I am not Tom. Never have been. Never will be. Don't even want to be.
    Appalled at the idea.


    Life must be a continuing horror for Mark. Can you imagine what it must be
    like? A Tom in every closet.
    A Tom under every bed, in every commode. Has anyone ever researched an
    association between iron overload (or underload) and delerium tremens?

    MikeV

  7. <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    ""In healthy individuals there is little if any unbound iron
    circulating in the blood. In all disease states, however, unbound


    iron

    Quoted message said:

    (also called free iron) is released at sites of inflammation and can
    spark uncontrolled oxidation.""

    Yes, I posted an abstract to the exact same effect here previously,


    in

    Quoted message said:

    response to "rust" causing problems when most iron is already bound.


    The

    Quoted message said:

    oxidation question is complex. There are instances where so called


    antiox

    Quoted message said:

    substances can promote oxidation to the benefit of the body. In


    some

    Quoted message said:

    situations the same substance can [censored] or promote oxidation. It


    is

    Quoted message said:

    possible that free iron because of injury can promote some healthy
    benefit, consider:

    Toxicol In Vitro. 2004 Oct;18(5):555-61.

    Prooxidant property of green tea polyphenols epicatechin and
    epigallocatechin-3-gallate: implications for anticancer properties.

    Azam S, Hadi N, Khan NU, Hadi SM.

    Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim
    University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India.

    It is believed that anticancer and apoptosis inducing properties of
    green tea are mediated by it's polyphenolic constituents


    particularly

    Quoted message said:

    catechins. A number of reports have shown that green tea polyphenol
    (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is among the most effective
    chemopreventive and apoptosis-inducing agents present in the


    beverage.

    Quoted message said:

    Plant polyphenols are naturally occurring antioxidants but they also
    exhibit prooxidant properties. Over the last several years we have
    shown that various classes of plant polyphenols including


    flavonoids,

    Quoted message said:

    curcuminoids and tannins are capable of catalyzing oxidative


    DNAcleavage

    Quoted message said:

    particularly in the presence of transition metal ions such as
    copper and iron. With a view to understand the chemical basis of
    various pharmacological properties of green tea, in this paper we


    have

    Quoted message said:

    compared the prooxidant properties of green tea polyphenols--EGCG


    and

    Quoted message said:

    EC ((-)-epicatechin). The rate of oxidative DNA degradation as well


    as

    Quoted message said:

    hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion formation was found to be
    greater in the case of EGCG as compared with EC. It was also shown
    that copper mediated oxidation of EC and EGCG possibly leads to the
    formation of polymerized polyphenols. Further, it was indicated that
    copper oxidized catechins were more efficient prooxidants as


    compared

    Quoted message said:

    with their unoxidized forms. These results correlate with the
    observation by others that EGCG is the most effective apoptosis
    inducing polyphenol present in green tea. They are also in support


    of

    Quoted message said:

    our hypothesis that prooxidant action of plant polyphenols may be an
    important mechanism of their anticancer properties. A model for
    binding of Cu(II) to EC has been presented where the formation of
    quinone and a quinone methide has been proposed.

    PMID: 15251172 [PubMed - in process]

    Blabber!!

    This is an attempt to pull OFF TOPIC! We were not talking about
    antioxidants and green tea.

    The real topic is that the body releases free iron at the site of
    inflammation. Free iron comes from iron in the body that is not bound
    to proteins, e.g.: a result of iron overload. The logical conclusion
    is that without iron overload, no free iron is available, and no iron
    is released.

    Any released iron will cause irritation and oxidation at the
    inflammation site, accelerating disease processes. The logical
    solution is to remove the iron.

    Hence, in my opinion, it is better to be closer to iron deficiency
    anemia than it is to be in iron overload.

    Go take your beloved iron supplements if you wish, I think any iron
    supplementation is very dangerous in male adults and women past
    menopause. It's also a good idea to give blood regularly.

    GT

    P.S.: I'm not Tom.

  8. "MikeV" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    "GT" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    "Perhaps a human body in iron overload is just finding a place


    to

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    dump

    Quoted message said:

    the excess iron?"

    Perhaps, but no sign of it in the study, it has to do with the


    sequence of

    Quoted message said:

    events and no cause in terms of overal process was offered.


    Your

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    notion,

    Quoted message said:

    Tom, finds no support in the results, one might as well


    speculate

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    that

    Quoted message said:

    iron deposit is the bodies attempt to control the situation


    because

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    it

    Quoted message said:

    has some healing effect. In the absence of any other info that


    is

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    as good

    Quoted message said:

    an idea as any,ie. why does iron show up in distressed areas of


    the

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    body?

    Hogwash

    Perhaps you would like to give a dissertation on where the body


    stores

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    excess iron when in overload?

    I am not Tom. Never have been. Never will be. Don't even want to


    be.

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    Appalled at the idea.


    Life must be a continuing horror for Mark. Can you imagine what it


    must be

    Quoted message said:

    like? A Tom in every closet.
    A Tom under every bed, in every commode. Has anyone ever researched


    an

    Quoted message said:

    association between iron overload (or underload) and delerium


    tremens?

    Quoted message said:


    MikeV


    I can't imagine a Tom in every closet or commode. The latter would be
    frightening - good horror movie material.

    Could be a connection to delerium tremens! :-) Perhaps excess iron
    reduces cognitive function...

    GT

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