Homocysteine is a moderate and independent risk factor of heart disease. In
a new study high intake of saturated fatty acids was associated with higher
plasma homocysteine. Fish oils were associated with reduced levels.
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Dietary fat and plasma total homocysteine concentrations in 2 adult age
groups: the Hordaland Homocysteine Study
Paula Berstad, Svetlana V Konstantinova, Helga Refsum, Eha Nurk, Stein Emil
Vollset, Grethe S Tell, Per M Ueland, Christian A Drevon and Giske Ursin
Background: The intake of n-3 (formerly called omega-3) fatty acids (FAs)
may be inversely associated with plasma total homocysteine (tHcy)
concentrations, but the epidemiologic data are sparse.
Objective: We examined the association between dietary fat and tHcy in a
Norwegian population.
Design: A cross-sectional, population-based study of 5917 subjects in 2 age
groups (47-49 and 71-74 y old) was conducted with the use of food-frequency
questionnaires and measurement of plasma tHcy concentrations.
Results: The intake of saturated FAs (SFAs) was positively and significantly
(P for trend < 0.001) associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in
plasma tHcy concentrations between the highest and lowest quartiles of SFAs
was 8.8%. The intake of marine very-long-chain n-3 FAs was inversely
associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy
concentrations between the lowest and the highest quartiles was -5.0% (P for
trend < 0.001). Intakes of total and monounsaturated fat also were
positively associated with plasma tHcy concentrations (P for trend < 0.001
and < 0.005, respectively), whereas the intake of polyunsaturated fat was
positively associated with tHcy concentrations only in the younger subjects
(P for trend = 0.03). The associations were weakened by additional
adjustment for B vitamin intake but remained significant for SFA intake (P <
0.001). When stratified for total B vitamin intake, the inverse association
between tHcy concentrations and very-long-chain n-3 FAs was significant only
in the highest quartile of B vitamin intake (P for trend = 0.001),
regardless of supplement use.
Conclusions: High intakes of SFAs are associated with high plasma
concentrations of tHcy. The inverse association between dietary intakes of
very-long-chain n-3 FAs and plasma tHcy concentrations is apparent only at
high B vitamin intakes.
http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/85/6/1598
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Juhana