How does crank length impact oxygen consumption during long Zone 2 efforts, and are there any biomechanical or physiological explanations for why certain crank lengths may be more or less efficient in terms of oxygen consumption for cyclists of different anthropometric characteristics?
Specifically, do the changes in muscle recruitment patterns and pedal stroke dynamics that occur with different crank lengths have a significant impact on oxygen consumption, or are other factors such as cadence and gear choice more influential in determining the energetic cost of cycling during long Zone 2 efforts?
Additionally, are there any studies or research that have investigated the relationship between crank length, oxygen consumption, and cycling efficiency, and if so, what were the key findings and takeaways from these investigations?