What are the key differences in periodization, training volume, and intensity between the physiology-driven approach used by modern endurance athletes and the more intuitive, experiential methods employed by early Tour de France competitors, and how have advances in sports science and technology influenced these changes in training methodology.
Considering the significant improvements in average speed and overall performance seen in the Tour de France over the past century, it is likely that the way athletes prepare for the event has undergone substantial changes. However, the specifics of these changes and their relative impact on performance are not immediately clear.
In particular, it would be interesting to explore how the advent of training metrics such as power output, heart rate variability, and lactate threshold has influenced the way athletes periodize their training, and whether the incorporation of these metrics has led to a more efficient and effective use of training time.
Additionally, a comparison of the training volumes and intensities used by top endurance athletes in the early 20th century versus those used by modern athletes could provide valuable insights into the role of recovery, adaptation, and overreaching in the pursuit of optimal performance.
Ultimately, a nuanced understanding of the evolution of endurance training methodologies could inform the development of more effective and sustainable training programs, and help athletes and coaches to better balance the competing demands of performance, recovery, and overall well-being.