What is the optimal balance between Zone 2 and high-intensity training in a race-specific program, and should coaches be reevaluating the traditional 80/20 model in favor of a more polarized approach that prioritizes either low-intensity, high-volume training or high-intensity interval training?
Some research suggests that Zone 2 training is essential for building aerobic endurance and increasing mitochondrial density, but others argue that high-intensity training is more effective for improving anaerobic capacity and muscular strength. However, there is a lack of consensus on how to balance these two types of training in a periodized program.
For example, should riders be doing 80% of their training in Zone 2 and 20% in high-intensity zones, or should they be doing 50% in Zone 2 and 50% in high-intensity zones? And how does this balance change as the racing season approaches?
Furthermore, what are the implications of prioritizing one type of training over the other? For instance, if a rider focuses too much on high-intensity training, do they risk burning out or overreaching, or can they adapt to the demands of high-intensity exercise and still recover adequately?
Similarly, if a rider focuses too much on Zone 2 training, do they risk not developing sufficient anaerobic capacity, or can they still improve their muscular strength and endurance through other means?
Ultimately, the optimal balance between Zone 2 and high-intensity training will depend on the individual riders goals, fitness level, and experience, but its clear that a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between these two types of training is needed to inform best practices in coaching and training.