Whats the physiological basis behind zone 2 endurance training making zone 3 efforts feel easier over time? Is it solely due to increased mitochondrial density and enhanced fat metabolism, or are there other factors at play, such as changes in muscle fiber recruitment patterns or improvements in buffering capacity?
Its well-established that spending time in zone 2 can lead to significant gains in cardiovascular fitness and muscular endurance, but the specific mechanisms by which this translates to improved performance at higher intensities are less clear. Does the increased efficiency of energy production in zone 2 training somehow trickle up to higher intensity efforts, allowing riders to maintain a given pace with less perceived exertion? Or are there other, more complex interactions between different physiological systems that contribute to this effect?
Furthermore, is there a point of diminishing returns when it comes to zone 2 training, beyond which additional time spent in this zone no longer yields significant improvements in zone 3 performance? How do individual differences in factors such as aerobic capacity, muscle fiber type, and training history influence the relationship between zone 2 and zone 3 performance?